Hammam Experience in Morocco Brought to you by Hamid Mernissi
First, what is a Hammam? The word "Hammam" is derived from the Arabic word "Hamma," which refers to a hot spring, a place where people used to go for natural bathing, healing, and feeling better. This concept, even today, remains what motivates Moroccans to visit the Hammam frequently, despite having full baths at home. Traditionally, the hammam was a bathhouse, a place of ritual purification and social gathering. The way it is built is accommodating for such.
Structure and Layout of a Traditional Hammam in Morocco A typical hammam follows a tripartite plan (three main rooms), inspired by Roman baths and adapted to Islamic culture: Al-Goulssa (Changing/Rest Room) • The entrance leads to this cool, dry area where guests undress and relax before and after the bath. • It is often beautifully tiled with zellij (geometric mosaic), and has benches or platforms. • Sometimes it contains a small fountain and is lit softly, creating a calming atmosphere.
Al-Barrani (Warm Room) • This is the transitional space where the body starts to adjust to the heat. Al-Wasṭani (Hot Room) • It is moderately warm and often used for initial washing or scrubbing. • Its walls are lined with tadelakt plaster or tiles to resist humidity.
Addakhli (Back Room) • This is the hottest and most steamy room, where clients sit, sweat, and prepare to be scrubbed or to cleanse themselves before moving to the Wastani room. • Steam builds up from hot water flowing through channels underneath or inside the walls. • Often includes small alcoves and stone basins (El Borma) to collect hot or cold water.
Al-Jawwāni (Furnace Room) • This back area is not accessible to the public and contains the furnace (al-farnatchi). • Wood is burned to heat a large cauldron or water boiler, which also sends steam through channels. • Beneath the floors of the hot rooms are hypocaust systems (Roman-style underfloor heating).
Key Construction Features • Sloped floors for water drainage. • Domed or vaulted ceilings with small holes to let out steam but preserve heat. • Thermal insulation using thick walls and clay-based materials. • Marble or stone floors that retain heat. • Separate water channels for hot and cold water. • Wood-fired boiler room operated by a farran (attendant responsible for fire and water). The latter also serves as the Tanjia cook and Koreenes (cow feet) for the whole neighborhood.
What Makes a Moroccan Hammam So Special? For centuries, Moroccan hammams have played a central role in the country’s social and cultural life. Inspired by ancient Roman baths, these traditional bathhouses are a place for deep cleansing, socializing, and relaxation. Before the Romans, the Native Berbers had their method of heating and steaming hot baths using fired stones, very much like the Native Americans' sweat lodges. In Morocco, whether you’re a local or a visitor, stepping into a hammam is a chance to immerse yourself in Moroccan culture while treating your body to a luxurious detox.
At a hammam, you can expect to move through steam-filled rooms where your body is scrubbed, exfoliated, and rinsed with hot water. The result? Glowing, refreshed skin and a clear mind.
First Time at a Hammam? Here’s What You Need to Know! Before you visit a hammam, it’s helpful to know what to expect. For many visitors, the experience can feel overwhelming, but with a few tips, you’ll feel right at home.
The Basics of Hammam Etiquette: o Nudity: In public hammams, toplessness is common, but private parts are usually covered. Don’t worry, there’s no judgment here. o Heat: Hammams feature steam heat, which can be intense but is highly beneficial for opening pores. o Respect the Ritual: Moroccans often visit hammams on a weekly basis for cleansing and relaxation. Washing one another is seen as a sign of friendship. o Assistants to the Rescue: Hammam attendants, especially in private hammams, will guide you through every step of the process, so you’re in good hands! 2. What to Wear and Bring: o You can wear bikini bottoms, underwear, or a bathing suit, depending on your comfort level. o Don’t forget essentials like flip-flops, a towel, shampoo, and black soap for your session.
Hammam Steps: o Rinse with hot water. o Get yourself a shot visit to the Dakhli room to warm up and sweat o Apply black soap and relax in a steamy room for 5-10 minutes. o Exfoliate with a "kess" glove. o Rinse again and hydrate with argan oil in the al Barrani room. o End with a relaxing beverage or an orange dry up and relax.
Private vs. Public Hammams: What’s the Difference? When deciding between public and private hammams, it all comes down to what you’re looking for. • Private Hammams: Often located in riads, hotels, or high-end spas, private hammams offer a more luxurious experience with added privacy. These hammams typically offer pampering treatments, such as massages, hair washing, and exotic scrubs, in a more serene atmosphere. While prices for private hammams are higher, you’ll be spoiled like royalty. • Public Hammams: These local gems are much more affordable and deliver a truly authentic Moroccan experience. Found in residential neighborhoods, they are frequented by locals and tend to have separate schedules for men and women. Although the experience is less lavish, it’s an incredible way to immerse yourself in Moroccan culture—and it’s budget-friendly! • Hammam Ben Abbad, also known as Hammam Kettanine, is a historic public bathhouse located in the Kettanine neighbourhood of Fez's old medina. Dating back to the 14th century, it was recently restored as part of a major rehabilitation program involving over two dozen historic monuments in the city.
• The hammam features a traditional layout inherited from Roman bathhouses, comprising a sequence of rooms: an undressing room (apodyterium), a cold room (frigidarium), a warm room (tepidarium), and a hot room (caldarium). Notably, the operational rooms are covered with domes featuring circular openings, an architectural style rooted in ancient Roman bath traditions.
• Historically, Hammam Ben Abbad was part of the habous (religious endowment) of the Qarawiyyin Mosque, underscoring its significance in the spiritual and communal life of Fez. The waters of the hammam were believed to possess healing properties, further enhancing its reputation among locals. • Today, Hammam Ben Abbad stands as a testament to Fez's rich cultural heritage, offering visitors an authentic glimpse into the traditional Moroccan hammam experience Choices of Great Hammams in Fez
Hammam Mernissi & Spa Location: Derb Zaouia, near Bab Boujloud (Blue Gate), Fes El Bali Why Recommend: • A luxurious traditional hammam with beautifully restored interiors. • Offers private hammam experiences, massage, scrubs with black soap (savon beldi), and aromatherapy. • Run by a friendly and professional staff, making it an ideal choice for first-time visitors. • Great for travelers seeking a clean, upscale, but still authentic hammam.
Hammam Sidi Azouz Location: Talaa Kebira, in the heart of the old medina Why Recommend: • One of the oldest functioning traditional public hammams in Fez, still used by locals. • Offers an authentic cultural experience—no-frills, very affordable, and full of character. • Best suited for adventurous travelers who want to immerse themselves in the daily life of Fassis. • Travelers may need a local guide or helper for their first visit.
Hammam Moulay Idriss Location: Close to the Zawiya of Moulay Idriss II Why Recommend: • A historic hammam, tied to the spiritual heart of the city. • Often used by pilgrims visiting the shrine—gives a glimpse into the spiritual cleansing traditions of Morocco. • Modest but authentic, with a deep sense of heritage. • Perfect for clients interested in spiritual or religious tourism.
Choices of friendly Hammams in Marrakech If you’re ready to explore the best hammams in Marrakech without overspending, we’ve compiled a list of the top 5 that balance quality, tradition, and affordability:
Hammam Mouassine Price: From $15-$20 per adult This traditional hammam, located in the heart of the old Medina, is the perfect spot to experience local Moroccan culture. It’s known for its friendly staff and authentic setup, ensuring you’ll leave feeling refreshed. Address: Rue Sidi El Yamani, Marrakech.
1001 Nights Hammam Spa Price: From $15 per adult Just steps away from the iconic Jemaa el-Fna Square, this hammam offers a delightful blend of history and relaxation. With architecture dating back to 1842, you’ll enjoy a memorable spa experience with professional staff. Address: Place Jemma El Fna #58, Derb Dabachi, Marrakech.
Hammam Lalla Price: From $20 per adult Located in the bustling Medina, Hammam Lalla offers a combination of affordability and a serene atmosphere. Their skilled masseurs provide stress-relieving treatments that will have you floating out the door! Address: Rue Bab Agnaou, Immeuble Tazi N 12, Marrakech.
Hammam de La Rose Price: From $25 per adult For a modern twist on the traditional hammam, Hammam de La Rose offers a contemporary design, yet still provides the peace and comfort you crave. Their special exfoliating scrub, combined with honey and argan oil treatments, will leave your skin glowing. Address: 130, Dar El Bacha, Marrakech. ** Hammam Les Bains D’Orient** Price: From $27 per person Offering online booking and payment options, Hammam Les Bains D’Orient is ideal for those seeking a seamless and effortless experience. Their beautiful riad location adds to the charm, making it a favorite among visitors. Address: 214 Arset Aouzal, Marrakech.
Why a Hammam Visit Should Be on Your Itinerary A hammam visit isn’t just about relaxing—it’s about connecting with Moroccan culture in a way that few other experiences can offer. Whether you choose a budget-friendly public hammam or indulge in a private one, you’ll walk away with a sense of renewal. A hammam session will leave your skin soft, your muscles relaxed, and your spirit refreshed.
Plan Your Perfect Hammam Experience Before you go, make sure you’re fully prepared: • Bring a bottle of water and some snacks. After a hot steam session, you’ll likely feel thirsty and hungry. • Don’t forget to pack a towel, flip-flops, a change of clothes, and any personal hygiene items you’ll need.
Ready to book your hammam session? Please select one of the options from our top 5 list and enjoy an unforgettable relaxation experience during your stay in Marrakech. Feel free to ask our staff at Sarah Tours to assist you in booking a Hammam experience for you in any major city in Morocco. We highly recommend this experience in Fez, Marrakech, and Casablanca.
